A Guide to Off-Roading Vehicle Maintenance
Whether drivers are off-roading for enjoyment or because it’s required by their profession and industry, routine vehicle maintenance is key. Not only will a properly maintained vehicle be more efficient and typically last longer, but more importantly, it will help keep drivers and passengers safe. Off-roading, however, has its challenges, which is why there are special considerations when tending to vehicle maintenance.
First, let’s review the different types of off-roading conditions, which will vary and can impact each vehicle differently.
Recreational Off-Roading
One of the most common environments for off-roading, especially for beginners, are light trails, which could also be paved. There is also overlanding, which refers to the overall journey of off-road traveling and camping along the way. Other types of recreational off-roading include “mudding” and rock crawling.
Vocational Off-Roading
Many industries require off-roading in some capacity, including utility services, construction, tourism, wildlife, and agriculture. Specific vocations include park rangers, game wardens, border patrol agents, farmers, ranchers, loggers, security guards, delivery drivers, technicians, and tour guides.
6 Common Off-Road Vehicles Issues
Now let’s review the most common types of off-roading issues auto mechanics face. These include:
- Popped or damaged tires. This can happen from bumps and rocks, but also from inclement weather, potholes, or trails that aren’t well maintained.
- Undercarriage damage. This often results from bumps and driving over rocks, but debris can also get caught in the undercarriage, causing damage.
- Transmission problems. This includes general wear and tear, but keeping the clutch pushed in to regulate speed and power will make the transmission wear more quickly.
- Steering and wheel misalignment. This can be a common problem after off-roading due to the rugged terrain.
- Body damage. Branches, rocks, debris, and even animals may come into contact with the vehicle, causing scratches and dents.
- Damage to lights. Lights are also susceptible to damage from rocks, trees, and branches.
Preventative Maintenance Tips for Off-Roading
In general, SUVs and trucks will see more off-roading than sedans and cargo vans. Whether you’re servicing a commercial or personal vehicle, the recommendations will be the same.
Clean your vehicle
Ideally, the vehicle should be cleaned before and after any type of off-roading. You don’t want to inadvertently transfer an invasive species that’s somehow attached itself to the vehicle to a new location. Wash off any dirt since caked-on mud and debris can damage the exterior if left on long enough. It’s also important to make sure all components are clear of dirt and sand to prevent scraping and excess wear and tear.
Check the tires
Check the pressure and visually inspect the tires to make sure there aren’t any cracks or stray nails in the rubber. Double-check that there’s a spare tire in the vehicle. In some cases, it might make sense to “air down” to get a better grip on the road.
Replace the tires if necessary
Make sure the tires aren’t worn, damaged, or old — and that they have the appropriate tread. If the tires need to be replaced, consider all-terrain or mud terrain tires.
Check the fluid levels
Double-check the supply of windshield washer fluid, gas, differential fluid, engine oil, brake fluid, etc.
Check for leaks
While it’s important to check your fluid levels, you also want to ensure there are no leaks.
Inspect brakes and shock absorbers
Look for dents, warping, and leaks. Inspect the drums for mud, dirt, and sand, as the brake lines could become stressed, and the ball joints, knuckles, and stub shafts could crack or bend.
Examine the transmission
Check the vehicle for transmission damage and leaks.
Tips for Mechanics Working With Off-Road Vehicles
In general, the top three considerations needed for off-road vehicles are:
- Wheel alignments
- Suspension repairs
- Transmission repairs
Automatic transmissions typically don’t need as much maintenance, but it depends on the driver. Manual transmissions are usually less expensive to maintain and repair.
If you pay attention to those three categories, you will be in good shape. Just be thorough and check off-roading trucks and SUVs on a regular basis. Preventive maintenance will go a long way in preserving the lifespan of a vehicle.
FAQs
How do I prepare vehicles for off-roading?
It’s important to take your vehicle to an auto mechanic who is well-versed in vehicles with off-road capabilities. There are some things customers can do themselves, such as washing a car, but a mechanic can inspect the shocks, brakes, tires, transmission, etc.
Are there upgrades and modifications needed for off-roading?
Some may be needed, depending on the vehicle. Basic upgrades and modifications include:
- A lift kit/suspension upgrade for more ground clearance
- Larger, sturdier tires and wheels for better grip
- Stronger lights
- Brake and shock upgrades
What are the most common off-roading vehicle problems?
Popped or damaged tires, transmission issues, damage to the undercarriage, misalignment, and body damage are all common off-roading problems.
How can I help avoid some of these common off-roading problems?
Preventive, routine maintenance is key. Also, the chances of encountering these problems are significantly reduced when the drivers drive with care. If there are any issues, drivers should make an appointment with a mechanic.
How can weather conditions affect off-roading?
Rain or melting snow that mixes with dirt or clay can make the driving surface more slippery. Tires often lose traction, increasing slipping and sliding. In addition, fog can cause poor visibility. All of these weather conditions can lead to accidents.
In muddy terrain, vehicles can sink into the ground or become stuck, which can put your engine and other vehicle components at risk. Submerging the vehicle in deep water could damage the electrical parts of the engine.
What are some off-roading tips to keep in mind?
For auto mechanics, it’s important to double-check fluid levels and tire pressure. Check wheel alignments, suspension, and transmission.
Drivers should pack an emergency kit that includes food, First-Aid supplies, and a flashlight with batteries. They should also carry a charged cell phone and charger. Practice good driving behavior, such as following the speed limit and avoiding harsh braking. Carry a tire pressure gauge and air pump in the vehicle and make sure you have a spare tire that’s in good condition.
Author’s Bio
Dawn McQueeney serves as Marketing Manager at Merchants Auto. Joining in 2020, she brings with her more than 15 years of marketing experience, and originally started as a Marketing Coordinator. McQueeney has helped elevate the customer experience in the dealership showroom so that every visit is positive.